Although the investigators adjusted for such things as age, sex, and smoking status, "there are obviously other factors that can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease that weren't measured." Still, he said that "this is the first real data that we're seeing associating e-cigarette use with hard cardiovascular events." And the study raises concerns "that it may be e-cigarette smoke as well as combustible tobacco smoke that may increase risk." Goldstein later told Medscape Medical News that because the use of these products "is really exploding," the results on their health effects are especially important
Assessing nicotine dependence in adolescent e-cigarette users: the 4-item Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) nicotine dependence item bank for electronic cigarettes
they were serious about weighing the benefits and risks of the matter, and thankfully they decided against it
Significance : Ensures effective enforcement of Californias flavored tobacco ban and strengthens market supervision
Indirect plaintiffs from Arkansas, South Carolina, Tennessee and Virginia were excluded on the basis that those states do not allow class actions for the antitrust claims at issue
Burn activated charcoal to absorb harmful gases and odors
